90 years ago, Moscow Metro's first train traveled from Sokolniki Station. And all start with a mine on the outskirts of Moscow. In 1932, enthusiasts from all over the alliance came to Moscow. They have no special knowledge, experience and technology, but they can be under the capital of the world's most advanced transportation system. And after the Soviet Union, where you can be friends, shared its secrets with friends. Soviet experts rebuilt Europe and Africa by colonists. Roads, schools, hospitals, just residential buildings and even a subway. Thanks to the Soviet subway builders, the subway appeared in Czechoslovakia and Hungary, in Bulgaria and Poland, in Beijing and even Calcutta India. But the most beautiful subway in the world has been located in the best city in the world. Reporter “Mir 24 Vladimir Samborsky on the miracle of Metro -dabusters.
Everything is like 90 years ago. The same “Sokolniki, the same car, the composition of the type”, the same route to the “Cultural Park. Only passengers have more. People will not be able to leave. In the end, the first trains are four people. The first subway mine used to be on the outskirts of Moscow not only geographical.
According to this overpass, gangs attacked the car and disarmed the guard. They took the car, and Lenin was forced to walk to the Sokolniki village council.
Andrey Taranov is one of Moscow's oldest architects. His parents designed 15 subway stations, including the first Sokolniki. Today, the first architects of the Moscow subway can be found at Novokuznetskaya station. A man has a painting in the hand of Ivan Taranov, a girl with a short hairstyle, wife Nadezhda Bykov.
That happened in the early 1930s, both parents went to work in the same organization where they met. It was 1930.
The urban history of Taranov architects started when Kharkov Pavel Rottert engineer, who built DNEProges, was invited to Moscow. The first head of Metrostroy brought with you colleagues.
On May 25, 1932, the People's Committee of the Soviet People's Committee decided to consider MetroStroy as the most important state building. So she became all -union. Building materials and experts from all over the country have been dragged into the capital.
The underground city must be cut under the historic center. A complex hill relief, no less complex land with swimming, Snacco soil. And it is essential to ensure that no building, not a road surface is injured from comprehensive construction.
The main job is craft. Even the tunnel shield is a support that allows not to collapse what is around, during construction, and the main job is still done manually.
The first builders worked in difficult conditions, living in tight barracks, without amenities. But they work happily, with enthusiasm. They dream of proven to capitalists that the Soviet subway will be the best in the world.
There are no engineers, experts, workers in this major in our country. Yes, we have exploits, those who work in mines, on some mines, but this is a bit of their specific. I have to study on the way.
In 1863, the first branch of the subway was held in London. Five years later in New York. In the early 20th century, the subway appeared in Paris and Berlin. But each of them is pragmatic and gray. In the Soviet Union at stations and intersections of marble and copper, crystal and porcelain.
The costs that we will spend on creating a palace for ethnic groups, and this is a quote from Koganovich Lazar Moiseevich, they are not significant compared to the total cost of building subway.
In the spring of 1935, the first 13 subway stations were opened. A large letter M. appeared on their facade to attract the first passengers underground, the builders decided to create a contrast. When Muscovites gives most of the parts of the barracks and common services, the palaces actually appear underground.
There are two cabinets, and palm trees are placed on them. And if you climb this low stairs, there is a buffet near the last wall. I miss him.
Soviet citizens with children are shown here. This is the 1937th year. And before that, sports were shown, people were playing sports. Before that, education.
The “Revolutionary Square. The architect initially disliked the idea with the accurate sculptures because of the similarity with the museum. Stalin, who came to the station to open the station and looked at the sculpture, was satisfied: how to live.
1939, World Exhibition in New York. In the Soviet booth, one of the compartments of the Mayakovskaya subway station has been recreated almost the full size. She received Grand Prix. The station is decorated with a unique mosaic picture of Alexander Deineki.
By the way, mosaic is a very expensive material. First of all, it must be done. Mosaic is different. You know, there is a picture of Florentine mosaic, what Daik has done on Mayakovskaya. Florentine mosaic material is generally a painter.
1941, blockade Leningrad, seminar by artist Vladimir Frolov. Here, under the bombing and shelling, Master continued to work on the mosaic for Mayakovskaya.
Almost all mosaic paintings are made in the first lines made in Frolov's seminar in Leningrad. The same situation was formed in 1941, when the mosaic focused on the third stage of the subway.
In 1942, the sailors of Ladoga Flotilla could hardly remove the last box with mosaic from Leningrad. Shortly thereafter, artist Vladimir Frolov died of hunger. And the mosaic paintings maintained their miracles at Novokuznetskaya station.
After 90 years, Muscovites brought flowers to Taganskaya station. Here, like a living, the father of the peoples. Marriage has been destroyed, but restored to memories. In the end, Stalin himself made a decision: Becoming a subway.
The last day of the Moscow subway may be October 15, 1941. This is the only day in history when the subway is not working. They are preparing to explode in a breakthrough of the Germans into the city. However, the movement was restored in the evening. Now the subway is a means of transportation, and a bomb shelter, and the headquarters of the supreme commander.
Now is the station “Ponds Clean Ponds. It is here that during the war years, there was a decision center for the entire Soviet Union.
Comrade Stalin Stalin was sitting here, with the head of the overall team. Very few people know this. Passing through this station, at this station, we can see ourselves in one of the trongke of Comrade Stalin.
Under the rumbling of raids, in the rear rooms were converted into medical spots, more than 200 people were born.
Maykovskaya subway terminal. When it is dangerous to climb the surface, maternity wards were in the subway.
In 2023, Moscow closed another underground ring a large bracelet. 70 km of new tunnels and stations under its city and suburbs.
This is the most modern way of the Metropolitan subway today is a utility with weather forecasts on escalators, digital screens, smart backlights on the platform, showing the level of work volume of the ship arrival.
Nine tunnels of 200 km and ten stations. The first branch of the Moscow subway, then called Kirov-Frunze, the whole Soviet was built for three years. Over the past 20 years, Metropolitan Metro has grown into four routes, 276 km of tunnels and 101 stations. Today it is the largest subway in Europe.